Thomas Tusser

500 good points of Husbandrie

MAIES ABSTRACT

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MAIES ABSTRACT

 

PUT lambe from eawe,       To weeding away,

to milke a few.           as soone as ye may.

 

Be not too bold,         For corne here reede,

to milk and to fold.         what naughtie weed.

 

Five ewes alow,         Who weeding slacketh,

for everie cow           good husbandrie lacketh.

 

Sheepe wringling taile,       Sowe buck or branke,

hath mads without faile.       that smels so rank.

 

Beat hard in the reede,       Thy branke go and sowe,

where house hath need.       where barlie did growe.

            The next crop wheat,

Leave cropping from May,       is husbandrie neat.

to Mihelmas day.

Let Ivie be killed,         Sowe peascods some,

else tree will be spilled         for harvest to come..

 

Now threshers warne,         Sowe hemp and flacks,

to rid the barne         that spinning lacks..

 

Be suer of hay           Teach hop to climb,

till end of May.         for now it is time.

 

Let sheepe fill flanke,         Through fowles and weedes

where corne is too ranke.       poore hop ill speeds,

In woodland lever,         Cut off or crop

in champion never.         superfluous hop:

            The titters or tine,

Some raleth their wheat,       make hop to pine.

with rake that is great.

So titters and tine         Now carrege get

be gotten out fine.         home fewell to fet.

            Tell fagot and billet,

Now sets do crave         for filching gillet.

some weeding to have.

            In sommer for firing

Now draine as ye like         let citie be buying.

both fen and dike.         Marke colliers packing

            least coles be lacking.

Watch bees in may,         (See opened sack)

for swarming away.         for two in a pack.

Both now and in June,

marke maister bees tune.       Let nodding patch

            go sleepe a snatch.

Twifallow thy land,

least plough else stand.       Wife as you will,

            now plie your still.

No longer tarrie,

out compas to carrie.         Fine bazell sowe,

            in a pot to growe,

When need doth pray it,       Fine seedes sowe now,

there see ye lay it.         before ye sawe how.

 

Set Jack and Jone,         Keep ox from cow,

to gather up stone.         for causes ynow.

 

To grasse with thy calves,       From bull cowe fast,

take nothing to halves.       till Crowchmas be past.

            From heifer bul hid thee,

Be suer thy neat         till Lammas doth bid thee.

have water and meat.

 

By tainting of ground,

destruction is found.

 

MAIES HUSBANDRIE

 

At Philip and Jacob, away with the lams,       Essex and Suffolk

that thinkest to have any milk of their dams.

At Lammas leave milking, for feare of a thing:

least (requiem æternam ) in winter they sing.

 

To milke and to fold them is much to require,     Milking of eawes

except ye have pasture to fill their desitre.

Yet manie by milking (such heede they doo take),

not hurting their bodies much profit doo make.

 

Five eawes to a cow, make a proofe by a score,

shall double thy darie, else trust me no more.

Yet may a good huswife that knoweth the skill,

have mixt and unmixt at hir pleasure and will.

 

If sheepe or thy lambe fall a wrigling with taile,

go by and by search it, whiles helpe may prevaile:

That barberlie handled I dare thee assure,

cast dust in his arse, thou hast finsht thy cure.

 

Where houses be reeded (as houses have neede),

now pare off the mosse, and go beat in the reed.

The juster ye drive it, the smoother and plaine,

more handsome ye make it to shut off the raine.

 

From Maie til October leave cropping, for why?     Leave off cropping, Destroie Ivie.

in wood sere, whatsoever thy croppest wil dy.

Where Ivie imbraceth the tree verie sore,

kill Ivie, or else tree wil addle no more.

 

Keep threshing for thresher, til maie be come in,

to have to be suer fresh chaffe in the bin.

And somewhat to scamble, for hog and for hen,

and work when it raineth for loitering men.

 

Be sure of haie and of provender some,       Count store no sore.

for labouring cattel til pasture to come.

And if ye doo mind to have nothing to sterve,

have one thing or other, for all thing to serve.

 

In Maie get weed hook, a crotch and a glove,     Weeding

and weed out such weedes as the corne doth not love.

For weeding of winter corne now it is best,

but June is the better for weeding the rest.

 

The May weed doth burn and the thistle doth freat,     Ill weeds

the fitchis pull downward, both rie and the wheat.

The brake and the cockle be noisome too much,

yet like unto boddle no weede there is such.

 

Slack never thy weeding, for dearth nor for cheape,

the corne shall reward it er ever ye reape.

And specially where ye doo trust for to seede,

let that be weel used, the better to speede.

 

In Maie good sowing, thy buck or thy brank,       Sowing of branke

that black is as pepper, and smelleth so ranke.

It is to thy land, as acomfort or muck,

and al thing it maketh as fat as a buck.

 

Sowe buck after barlie, or after thy wheat,

a peck to a roode (if the measure be great);

Three earthes see ye give it, and sowe it above,

and harrow it finely if buck ye do love.

 

Who peascods would gather, to have with the last,

to serve for his household til harvest be past.

Must sowe them in Maie, in a corner ye shal,

where through so late growing no hinderance may fal.

 

Good flax and good hemp for to have of hir owne,     Sowing of flax and hemp.

in maie a good huswife will see it be sowne.

And afterward trim it, to serve at a neede,

the fimble to spin and the karl for hir seede.

 

get into the hopyard, for now it is time,

to teach Robin hop on his pole how to clime:

To follow the Sunne, as his propertie is,

and weede him and trim him, if aught go amis.

 

Grasse, thisle and mustard seede, hemlock and bur,       Ill neighbours to hops.

tine, mallow and nettle, that keep such a stir.

With peacock and turkie, that nibbles off top,

are verie ill neighbours to seelie poore hops.

 

From wheat go and rake out the titters or tine,

ir eare be not foorth, it will rise again fine.

Use now in thy rie, little raking or none,

breake tine from hid roote, and so let it alone.

 

Bankes newly quicksetted, some weeding doo crave,       Weeding of quickset.

the kindlier nourishment thereby to have.

Then after a shower to weeding a snatch,

more easlie weede with the roote to dispatch.

 

The fen and the quagmire, so marrish be kind,       Noe draine ditches

and are to be drained, now wine to thy mind.

Which yeerlie undrained, and suffered uncut,

annoieth the meadowes that thereon doo but.

 

Take heede to thy bees, that are readie to swarme,       Swarming of bees.

the losse thereof now is a crowns worth of harme:

let skilfull be readie and diligence seene,

least being too careles, thou losest thy beene.

 

In Maie at the furthest, twifallow thy land,         Twifallowing

much drought may else after cause plough for to stand.

This tilth being done, ye have passed the wurst,

then after who ploweth, plow thou with the first.

 

Twifallow once ended, get tumbrell and man,         Carie out compas

and compas that fallow as soone as ye can.

Let skilful bestow it, where need it upon,

more profit the sooner to follow thereon.

 

Hide hedlonds with muck, if ye will to the knees,

so dripped and shaddowed with buses and trees:

Bare plots full of galles, if ye plow overthwart,

and compas it then, is a husbandlie part.

 

Let children be hired, to lay to their bones,

from fallow as needeth to gather up stones.

What wisedome for profit adviseth unto,

that husband and huswife must willingly do..

 

To gras with thy calves in some meadow plot nere,       Forth to grasse with

where neither their mothers may see then nor hear,       thy calves.

Where water is plentie and barth to sit warme,

and looke well unto them, for taking of harme.

 

Pinch never thy wennels of water or meat,         Let not cattel want water

if ever ye hope to have them good neat:

In Sommor time daily, in Winter in frost,

if cattel lack drinke, they be utterly lost.

 

For coveting much overlay not thy ground,         Overlay not thy pastures

and then shall thy cattel be lustie and sound.

But pinch them of pasture, while Sommor doth last,

and lift at their tailes er an Winter be past.

 

Get home with thy fewell, made readie to fet,         Get home thy fewel

the sooner the easier carriage to get:

Or otherwise linger the carrege thereon,

till (where as ye lift it) a quarter be gon.

 

His firing in Somer, let Citizen buie,           Husbandrie for citizens

least buieng in Winter make purse for to crie,

For carman and collier harps both on a string,

in Winter they cast to be with thee to bring.

 

From maie to mid August, an hower or two,         Sleeping time.

let patch sleepe a snatch, howsoever ye do.

Though sleeping one hower refresheth his song,

yet trust not hob growleth for sleeping too long.

 

The knowledge of stilling is one pretie feat,         Stilling of herbes.

The waters be wholesome, the charges not great.

What timely thou gettest, while Sommer doth last,

thinke Winter wwill help thee, to spend it as fast.

 

Fine bazell desireth it may be hir lot,

to growe as the gilleflower, trim in a pot.

That ladies and gentils, for whom she doth serve,

may helpe hir as needeth, poore life to preserve.

 

Keepe oxe fro thy cowe that to profit would go,

least cow be deceived by oxe doing so:

And thou recompenced for suffering the same,

with want of a calfe and a cow to wax lame.